Human–wild boar conflict in agricultural landscapes: crop damage, human injuries, and cultural practices
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22981760Keywords:
Human–wildlife conflict , Crop depredation, Sus scrofa, Retaliatory killingAbstract
This study examines human–wild boar conflict in agricultural landscapes, focusing on crop damage, direct encounters, retaliatory responses, and associated wildlife mortality. Findings reveal that conflicts frequently occur around cultivated fields and may cause injuries to farmers. Cultural practices, including consumption and the traditional use of tusks, further demonstrate the complex socio-ecological dimensions of conflict.
References
Amoako Johnson, F., & Hutton, C. W. (2014). Dependence on agriculture and ecosystem services for livelihood in Northeast India and Bhutan: Vulnerability to climate change in the tropical river basins of the Upper Brahmaputra. Climatic Change, 127(1), 107–121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0573-7
Bisui, S., & Shit, P. K. (2023). Assessing the dependence of livelihoods in rural communities on tropical forests: Insights from the Midnapore Forest Division in West Bengal, India. Socio-Ecological Practice Research, 5(4), 423–437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42532-023-00167-5
Gulati, S., Karanth, K. K., Le, N. A., & Noack, F. (2021). Human casualties are the dominant cost of human–wildlife conflict in India. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(8), e1921338118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1921338118
Karanth, K. K., & DeFries, R. (2010). Conservation and management in human-dominated landscapes: Case studies from India. Biological Conservation, 143(12), 2865–2869. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.05.002
Karanth, K. K., Gopalaswamy, A. M., DeFries, R., & Ballal, N. (2012). Assessing patterns of human-wildlife conflicts and compensation around a Central Indian protected area. PLOS ONE, 7(12), e50433. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0050433
Khattak, R. H., Teng, L., Mehmood, T., Ahmad, S., & Liu, Z. (2022). Impacts of the wild boar (Sus scrofa) on the livelihood of rural communities in Pakistan and understanding public attitudes towards wild boars. Animals, 12(23), 3381. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12233381
Mandal, L. (2024). The issue of man and animal conflict: A case of Jhargram District, West Bengal. International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences, 9(2), 294–297. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.92.45
Massei, G., Roy, S., & Bunting, R. (2011). Too many hogs? A review of methods to mitigate impact by wild boar and feral hogs. Human–Wildlife Interactions, 5(1), 79–99. https://doi.org/10.26077/aeda-p853
Ogra, M. V. (2008). Human–wildlife conflict and gender in protected area borderlands: A case study of costs, perceptions, and vulnerabilities from Uttarakhand (Uttaranchal), India. Geoforum, 39(3), 1408–1422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2008.02.005
Singh, P. K., Ali, S. M., Radhakrishnan, R. V., Mohanty, C. R., Sahu, M. R., Patro, B. P., Ijas, M. S., & Panda, S. K. (2021). Pattern of injuries due to wild animal attack among patients presenting to the emergency department: A retrospective observational study. Chinese Journal of Traumatology, 24(6), 383–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjtee.2021.09.004
Tripathi, A., & Prasad, A. R. (2010). Agricultural development in India since independence: A study on progress, performance, and determinants. Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets, 1(1), 63–92. https://doi.org/10.7885/1946-651X.1007
Uniyal, S., Bhardwaj, S. R., Pruthvi, M. S., & Nautiyal, S. (2026). From conflict to coexistence failure: Rethinking human–wildlife relations in India. International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 52(2), e0974. https://doi.org/10.55863/ijees.2026.0974
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Scientific Reports in Life Sciences

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

